Before menopause begins, many women go through a transition called perimenopause which is a period of hormonal change that can last for several years. It usually starts in the early to mid-40s, though some may notice signs earlier or later.

Understanding Perimenopause

Perimenopause marks the body’s gradual shift toward menopause as the ovaries begin to produce less estrogen. During this time, the menstrual cycle becomes irregular. Some months may bring heavy bleeding, others may have no period at all.

Even though fertility declines, pregnancy can still happen during perimenopause. Women who do not want to get pregnant should continue using contraception until one year after their final period.

Common Signs and Symptoms

Hormonal changes during perimenopause can affect both body and mood. Not every woman will experience the same symptoms, but the most common include:

• Irregular or missed periods
• Hot flashes or sudden feelings of heat
• Night sweats and sleep problems
• Vaginal dryness or discomfort during sex
• Mood changes, anxiety, or irritability
• Weight gain or slower metabolism

These symptoms may come and go, sometimes lasting for several years before periods stop completely.

How to Cope with Perimenopause

Perimenopause can be managed with small lifestyle changes and the right medical support. Here are some practical tips:

• Eat balanced meals rich in calcium, protein, and vegetables
• Get regular physical activity to strengthen bones and improve mood
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol or caffeine
• Maintain a regular sleep schedule
• Talk to a doctor about options for managing hot flashes, mood swings, or vaginal dryness

The Philippine Situation

Many Filipino women do not recognize perimenopause right away. Some think the changes in their period are just due to stress or overwork. Others do not seek medical advice until symptoms become severe.

Community health workers and doctors encourage women to discuss menstrual changes openly during regular check-ups. Having access to accurate information helps women prepare early, avoid anxiety, and stay productive and confident through midlife.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if:

• Periods become unusually heavy or prolonged
• You experience severe hot flashes or sleep disturbance
• There is pain during sex or bleeding after intercourse
• You feel depressed or constantly fatigued

Early guidance helps ensure that symptoms are managed safely and that other possible health problems are ruled out.

A Healthy Transition

Perimenopause is not something to fear. It is a natural transition that signals the next stage of a woman’s health journey. With awareness, self-care, and proper medical advice, women can move through this period with strength and confidence.